NAFTA: MORE THAN A REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT

Firat Uner; Assoc. Prof. Dr.M. Cem OĞULTÜRK

doi:10.47742/ijbssr.v5n1p1

Authors

Firat Uner İstanbul Aydin University
Assoc. Prof. Dr.M. Cem OĞULTÜRK İstanbul Aydin Üniversitesi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47742/ijbssr.v5n1p1

Keywords:

NAFTA, USA, Mexico, Canada, Trade

Abstract

Trade is one of the fundamental reasons underlying the relationships between societies. Commercial interactions have contributed to the establishment of a specific international system worldwide through the trade relations between empires and states. In the 20th century, interstate trade led to the formation of certain agreements, some of which gave rise to regional-scale trade alliances. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is one of the regional trade agreements documented among North American countries, holding significant importance not only in increasing trade volume among signatory nations but also in terms of fostering regional cooperation and closer political relations.

Despite being criticized by many since its signing date, NAFTA underwent substantial changes in 2020 and was restructured under the name The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). Despite controversies and criticisms, NAFTA played a significant role in strengthening regional economic, social, and political ties, becoming one of the prominent examples of the rising regional trade agreements worldwide after the 1990s. In this study, the motivation behind NAFTA's inception, its historical development, member countries, and the positive impacts on the region are discussed. The contributions of NAFTA to the North American economy and regional development are examined through the analysis of gathered data, reports, and academic studies. The study aims to discuss the findings on the impact of NAFTA not only as a trade agreement but also on regional social and political developments.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

REFERENCES

BOOKS

ERTÜRK, E. (1991). Economic Integration Theory. Bursa: Ezgi Kitabevi Publications.

MICHAEL J. BOSKIN (2014). NAFTA at 20, California, Hoover Institution Press Publication.

IMTİAZ HUSSAİN (2012). Reevaluating NAFTA, Palgrave Macmillan Press.

HUFBAUER, G. C. (2005). NAFTA Revisited. Washington DC: Institute For International Economics.

ARTICLES

DOL, A., & GÖKSEL, T. (2017). The Effects of NAFTA on the Mexican Economy. Journal of Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, (pp.915-926).

ARI, M. (2005). 10th Anniversary of the North American Free Trade Agreement. T.C. Ministry of Foreign Affairs Journal of Economic Problems, (p.1).

ALTUN, O. C. (2020). The Impact of NAFTA and the United States, Mexico, Canada Agreement on Free Trade in North America. Kocaeli: Kocaeli University.

KOZANOGLU, H. (1995). Crisis in Mexico. Birikim Magazine, (pp.55-64).

HACIHASANOĞLU, B. (2005). The Importance of Mexico 1994 and Argentina 2001-2002 Crises for Developing Countries and Turkey.

Ankara: T.C. Central Bank General Directorate of Markets.

TAMARA KAY (2015). New challenges, new alliances: union politicization in a post-NAFTA era, Labor History, 56:3, (pp.246-269).

STEPHEN W. HARTMAN. (2010) "NAFTA, the Controversy", The International Trade Journal, 25:1, (pp.5-34).

STAUDT, KATHLEEN. (2018) "How NAFTA Has Changed Mexico." Current History 117, no. 796, (pp.43-48).

TOM OLSON, SERGIO TAPIA. (2009) "Nataniel, NAFTA, and Public Health at the U.S.-Mexico Border", (pp..561-567).

MARK WEISBROT,V.D.(2018) "Did Nafta Help Mexico? An Update After 23 Years."

ELECTRONIC REFERENCES

(2017, January). Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2017/01/22/politics/trump-renegotiate-nafta/index.html.

URL-1 Reagan's Foundation Official YouTube Channel. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAtYMD-H2UY

URL-2 Henry Kissinger, The Los Angeles Times 1993, July 18 - With NAFTA, U.S. Finally Creates A New World Order (pp.105-109). https://en.calameo.com/read/0001117908ece0e23ea97

URL-3 Top Mexican Presidential Candidate Is Slain. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/inatl/longterm/mexico/stories/940324.htm

URL-4 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) A trading bloc in North America that includes the US, Canada and Mexico. https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/economics/north-american-free-trade-agreement-nafta/

URL-5 How NAFTA fueled the great avocado boom. https://www.vox.com/2015/2/16/8047991/nafta-avocados-fruit-vegetables

URL-6 Congressional Research Service Reports on Foreign Policy and Regional Affairs, The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) (Updated December 28, 2021.) https://sgp.fas.org/crs/row/R44981.pdf

URL-7 US Bureau of Commerce, Trade Records with Countries. https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c1220.html

URL-8 Official Site of the US Department of Transportation. https://www.bts.gov/content/value-us-land-exports-and-imports-canada-and-mexico-mode

URL-9 US Department of Commerce Official Website, Trade Relations with Mexico. https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/americas/mexico

URL-10 US Department of Commerce Official Site, Trade Relations with Canada. https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/americas/canada

URL-11 CNN Politics / 6 key differences between NAFTA and the USMCA deal that replaces it. https://edition.cnn.com/2019/12/10/politics/nafta-us-mexico-canada-trade-deal-differences/index

OTHER REFERENCES

MARY E. BURFISHER, FREDERİC LAMBERT, TROY MATHESON (2019). NAFTA to USMCA: What is Gained?, IMF Working Paper, (IMF Report).

M. ANGELES VİLLARREAL, IAN F. FERGUSSON (2017). Congressional Research Service Report, May 24, 2017, p.5 (Congressional Research Service Report).

U.S.-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement: Likely Impact on the U.S. Economy and on Specific Industry Sectors, U.S. International Trade Commission, April 2019, (Report No. 4889).